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239. 滑动窗口最大值

题目描述

给你一个整数数组 nums,有一个大小为 k 的滑动窗口从数组的最左侧移动到数组的最右侧。你只可以看到在滑动窗口内的 k 个数字。滑动窗口每次只向右移动一位。

返回 滑动窗口中的最大值

示例 1:

  • 输入:nums = [1,3,-1,-3,5,3,6,7], k = 3
  • 输出:[3,3,5,5,6,7]

解释:

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滑动窗口的位置                最大值
---------------               -----
[1  3  -1] -3  5  3  6  7       3
 1 [3  -1  -3] 5  3  6  7       3
 1  3 [-1  -3  5] 3  6  7       5
 1  3  -1 [-3  5  3] 6  7       5
 1  3  -1  -3 [5  3  6] 7       6
 1  3  -1  -3  5 [3  6  7]      7

示例 2:

  • 输入:nums = [1], k = 1
  • 输出:[1]

提示:

  • 1 <= nums.length <= 105
  • -104 <= nums[i] <= 104
  • 1 <= k <= nums.length

解法一:优先队列

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var a []int

type PriorityQueue struct {
    sort.IntSlice
}

func (pq *PriorityQueue) Less(i, j int) bool {
    // 注意:优先队列里存储的是下标,所以比较时要取下标对应的元素
    return a[pq.IntSlice[i]] > a[pq.IntSlice[j]]
}

func (pq *PriorityQueue) Push(v interface{}) {
    pq.IntSlice = append(pq.IntSlice, v.(int))
}

func (pq *PriorityQueue) Pop() interface{} {
    tmp := pq.IntSlice
    v := tmp[len(tmp)-1]
    pq.IntSlice = tmp[:len(tmp)-1]
    return v
}

func maxSlidingWindow(nums []int, k int) []int {
    a = nums
    pq := &PriorityQueue{make([]int, k)}
    for i := 0; i < k; i++ {
        pq.IntSlice[i] = i
    }
    heap.Init(pq)
    n := len(nums)
    ans := make([]int, n-k+1)
    ans[0] = a[pq.IntSlice[0]]
    for i := k; i < n; i++ {
        heap.Push(pq, i)
        for pq.IntSlice[0] <= i-k {
            heap.Pop(pq)
        }
        ans[i-k+1] = a[pq.IntSlice[0]]
    }
    return ans
}

解法二:单调双端队列

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func maxSlidingWindow(nums []int, k int) []int {
    deque := make([]int, k)
    push := func(i int) {
        for len(deque) > 0 && nums[deque[len(deque)-1]] < nums[i] {
            deque = deque[:len(deque)-1]
        }
        deque = append(deque, i)
    }
    for i := 0; i < k; i++ {
        push(i)
    }
    ans := make([]int, len(nums)-k+1)
    ans[0] = nums[deque[0]]
    for i := k; i < len(nums); i++ {
        push(i)
        for deque[0] <= i-k {
            deque = deque[1:]
        }
        ans[i-k+1] = nums[deque[0]]
    }
    return ans
}
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